๐Ÿ’จ 3 Effect of Pressure on the Solubility of Gases in Liquids

 Here is a CBSE Class 12-friendly, easy-to-understand explanation of the paragraph you shared — ideal for classroom presentations, board exam answers, or student notes.

๐Ÿ’จ Effect of Pressure on the Solubility of Gases in Liquids

๐Ÿ“– Key Idea:

The solubility of gases increases with an increase in pressure.

๐Ÿ”ฌ Explanation (Step-by-Step):

  1. Setup:

    • Imagine a container with a liquid at the bottom and gas above it.

    • The system is at pressure p and temperature T.

    • Some gas particles dissolve into the liquid, while some escape back into the gas phase.

  2. Dynamic Equilibrium:

    • The rate at which gas particles enter the liquid = rate at which they leave the liquid.

    • This balance is called dynamic equilibrium.

  3. Now Increase the Pressure:

    • Compress the gas (reduce its volume)

    • This increases the number of gas particles per unit volume

    • More particles hit the liquid surface → more dissolve into the liquid

  4. New Equilibrium:

    • A new dynamic equilibrium is established at a higher solubility level

    • Thus, solubility increases with increased pressure

๐Ÿ“Œ Key Line for Board Exams:

Increasing pressure increases the number of gas molecules striking the liquid surface, which increases the solubility of the gas until a new dynamic equilibrium is reached.

๐Ÿงช Scientific Law Behind This: Henry’s Law

At constant temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid.

p=KH⋅xp = K_H \cdot x

  • p = partial pressure of gas

  • x = mole fraction (solubility) of gas in liquid

  • KH = Henry’s constant

๐Ÿ“ CBSE Tips:

  • Use the word “dynamic equilibrium”

  • Mention increase in pressure → more gas dissolves

  • Refer to Henry’s Law with formula if required

  • Use diagrams (Fig. 2.1 style) to visually support the explanation

Would you like me to design a visual diagram (like Fig. 2.1) or a slide to show this process clearly in your classroom?

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