class 10 maths lesson plan for chapter 4

 Here's a detailed lesson plan for teaching the Class 10 NCERT chapter “Quadratic Equations” effectively over 6 teaching periods (40–45 minutes each).

📘 Lesson Plan: Quadratic Equations

Grade: 10 | Chapter: Quadratic Equations | Total Periods: 6
Textbook: NCERT Mathematics | Curriculum: CBSE

🔹 Learning Objectives

By the end of the chapter, students will be able to:

  • Identify and define quadratic equations.

  • Convert word problems into quadratic equations.

  • Solve quadratic equations using factorisation and the quadratic formula.

  • Understand and interpret the nature of roots using the discriminant.

  • Apply quadratic equations to real-life problems.

🧠 Lesson Breakdown

✅ Period 1: Introduction & Standard Form

Topics:

  • What is a quadratic equation?

  • Standard form: ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0

  • Real-life contexts (area, product-sum problems)

Activities:

  • Discuss examples like the prayer hall area.

  • Ask students to guess whether given equations are quadratic.

Practice:

  • Exercise 4.1 (Q1 and Q2).

✅ Period 2: Forming Quadratic Equations from Word Problems

Topics:

  • How to translate word problems into quadratic equations.

  • Consecutive integers, geometry, age problems.

Activities:

  • Group activity: Turn real-life scenarios into equations.

  • Work through textbook examples (like Rohan’s age problem).

Practice:

  • Exercise 4.2 (Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5).

✅ Period 3: Solving by Factorisation

Topics:

  • Splitting the middle term.

  • Factorising trinomials.

  • Verifying roots.

Activities:

  • Step-by-step walk-through of examples:
    e.g., 2x2−5x+3=02x^2 - 5x + 3 = 0

Practice:

  • Exercise 4.2 (Q1).

✅ Period 4: Nature of Roots

Topics:

  • Discriminant: D=b2−4acD = b^2 - 4ac

  • Three cases: D>0,D=0,D<0D > 0, D = 0, D < 0

Activities:

  • Use examples to calculate discriminants.

  • Discuss the meaning of each case with graph sketches.

Practice:

  • Exercise 4.3 (Q1, Q2).

✅ Period 5: Solving using Quadratic Formula

Topics:

  • Derivation and use of:

    x=−b±b2−4ac2ax = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}

  • When to use the formula.

Activities:

  • Walkthrough of Example 9.

  • Students solve 2 problems with guidance.

Practice:

  • Exercise 4.3 (Q3, Q4, Q5).

✅ Period 6: Word Problem Applications & Recap

Topics:

  • Solving real-life problems using quadratic equations.

  • Review of all methods.

Activities:

  • Group work: Solve problems from earlier periods.

  • Rapid-fire quiz or Kahoot! style review.

Assessment:

  • Small quiz (5 questions).

  • Homework: Practice a mixed set of problems.

📎 Resources Required

  • Whiteboard & markers

  • PowerPoint slides or printed examples

  • Quadratic formula poster (for classroom)

  • Graph paper for visual understanding (optional)

Would you like me to prepare PowerPoint slides, worksheets, or a quiz based on this lesson plan?

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