๐Ÿ’ง What Are Volatile and Non-Volatile Solutions?

 Great question! Here's a clear and easy explanation of volatile and non-volatile solutions, tailored for Class 12 Chemistry (CBSE/RBSE/NCERT):

๐Ÿ’ง What Are Volatile and Non-Volatile Solutions?

✅ Volatile Substance:

A volatile substance is one that evaporates easily at room temperature and has a high vapour pressure.

๐Ÿงช Examples:

  • Alcohol

  • Acetone

  • Ether

  • Petrol

❌ Non-Volatile Substance:

A non-volatile substance is one that does not evaporate easily and has very low (almost zero) vapour pressure at room temperature.

๐Ÿงช Examples:

  • Sugar

  • Salt (NaCl)

  • Urea

  • Glucose

๐Ÿงช Volatile & Non-Volatile Solutions:

1️⃣ Volatile Solution:

  • Both solute and solvent are volatile (they can both evaporate).

  • Each component contributes to the total vapour pressure.

๐Ÿ“˜ Applies Raoult’s Law for both components.
Example: Ethanol + Acetone

2️⃣ Non-Volatile Solution:

  • Solvent is volatile, but the solute is non-volatile.

  • Only the solvent contributes to vapour pressure.

  • The presence of a non-volatile solute lowers the vapour pressure of the solvent.

๐Ÿ“˜ This concept leads to:

  • Relative lowering of vapour pressure

  • Boiling point elevation

  • Freezing point depression

Example: Salt in water, Sugar in water

๐Ÿ“˜ Board Tip:

  • Always mention that non-volatile solutes do not contribute to vapour pressure.

  • Know the difference clearly — it forms the basis for colligative properties.

Would you like a comparison table, diagram, or a short answer format for exams?

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